Helicopter

=The Helicopter= Ktroxell12

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Purpose
//The Helicopter has several purposes. The main purpose is a small flying transport device. It has several other purposes thought, one othe the main other purposes is it's military application. Special helicopters are outfitted with weapons and armor to act as arial tanks that are used to fight in the air and also attack enemies on the ground. Other purposes include a personal transport device and a rescue device. It can also be used in chases by the police and to fight wildfires or as aerial cranes.//

Energy
//Most Helicopters operate using internal combustion engines or combustion turbines, Which get their energy through combustion of hilghy flammable fuel, that fuel can vary from gasoline to jet fuel depending on what type of engine it is using. The combustion turbine operates by applying energy to a gas stream inside the combustion chamber, which is mixed with air and fuel and ignited. The heated gas increases in temperature, volume and velocity ad moves through a nozzle to the turbine blades. the gas moves through the turbine blades causing them to spin and power the compressor part of the engine. To power the helicopter energy is extracted in the form of shaft power and air and thrust. This type of engine is used to power all types of vehicles including Helicopters.//

Controls
//The helicopter is control with four main input controls. The first is the Cyclic or cyclic stick. The Cyclic is Similar to a joystick in appearance it is named so because it adjusts the rotor disk cyclically by pitch. When the stick is tilted forward it will tilt the rotor disk forward causing it to give the Helicopter forward thrust as well as upward thrust. When tilted in any other direction the rotor disk is tilted in that direction moving it in that direction. The next is the collective pitch controls or the collective for short located to the left of the pilot. It has a settable friction control to prevent any unintended movement. It's main purpose is to adjust the pitch of the rotor blade all at once and all equally. This simulates adjustment move the helicopter higher or lower in altitude depending on the angle adjusted to. All must be adjusted equally or the helicopter would go out of control due to an imbalance. The third input control are the ant-torque pedals. These are place where the ruder pedals would be on a plane. These control the thrust of the tail rotor blade. When the tail rotor blades trust is changed it causes the Helicopter to yaw or move it's tip side to side The last control input is the Throttle, which controls the power exported from the engine to change the RPM (Rotations Per Minute) of the rotor. The purpose of the the throttle is to keep the RPM at fast enough rotation to create the lift needed. In single engine helicopters this is a motorcycle like twist grip located on the Collective, Dual engine helicopters have one throttle for each engine.//

Materials
//One of the most important materials to a Helicopter is Aluminum although in some areas where its more hot they use titanium or stainless steel because the aluminum would melt down. Titanium is used on those areas because if its being shot at it wont penetrate and possibly blow up in flames. Aluminum is used because of it being so light weight. A Helicopter is benefited by having a light weight because it is easier to lift and can reach high altitudes but on the down side aluminum is not very strong. Since the nineteen fifties one of the most important parts of most helicopters is the Turboshaft engine, a turbine engine designed to provide an exceptional amount of power and weigh very little. the fist helicopter that used this engine created by the same person, Charles Kaman, was the Kaman K-255. In the nat fifty years this new turbine engine was the spectacle of helicopter engines and led tho most of the high performance helicopters we know today// //Helicopter fly or rather hover by spinning their rotor blades rapidly causing them to push the air down reacting in an upward thrust. To fly in in any direction a helicopter must angles itself to create an thrust both upward and in the direction it wishes to go. If you went forward the helicopter would angle its blades at a sort of a diagonal angle to provided both the forward and upward trust needed. Helicopters' ability to hover is very useful to fly low on the ground and do things planes would not be able to do.//

Design
//The main cockpit in the front holds the pilot the flight controls, and the engine towards the back. Behind that is a tail with a small rotor attached at the end to let the helicopter yaw when needed. attached to the head of the helicopter are the rotor blades which are attached to a mast which spins. attached to the bottom of the head are landing blades for landing purposes.//

Evolution
//Several evolutions have altered the design in many ways but all a very similar. One significant evolution used in many big helicopters is a tandem rotor system which utilizes two rotors that provide a more lift for a slightly larger helicopter design.//

Siblings
//There were several test versions of the first helicopters such as autogyros and gyrocopters.//